Steve Nelson

Enough With the Metrics: Why I Want Education 'Reformers'' Hands off My Granddaughter's Schooling

My granddaughter Maddie is five and just started kindergarten. She loves her doll Molly, her several kitchens, her playhouse, her little brother, her parents, her grandparents and lots of other people and things. She is an energetic, curious and loving child.

Thinking about Maddie, which I do quite often, has made education reform even more personal for me. My passionate objections to current policies and practices had not been quite as intimately felt as they are now that Maddie is in kindergarten. It feels very personal now.

I viewed two experiences through this perspective. 

One was an email that I and thousands of school administrators received from Pearson, Inc. 

Dear Administrator:

NCS Pearson, Inc. (Pearson) offers the opportunity for schools to inform the advancement of education and receive educational benefits to support student growth and learning. Educational benefits such as iPads, Kindle Fires, and Nook tablets. This exciting opportunity involves your school’s participation in the Equivalency phase of one of Pearson’s products, AIMSweb.

AIMSweb is a universal screening, progress monitoring, and data management system for grades K-12. AIMSweb utilizes general outcome measurement, a form of standardized assessment of basic academic skills that predict year-end proficiency and are highly sensitive to change. Measures are time efficient, easy to administer, and produce accurate charts of student growth over time.

It may seem innocuous enough. You know, just another promotion for standardized assessment, data, metrics, digital devices, outcome measurements, time efficiency, accurate charts and all the other things that children need in the 21st century. 

As I read the message I conjured images of my tender, funny, enthusiastic, affectionate granddaughter in a room with digital devices, being measured, prodded, poked, predicted and standardized. I visualized all the AIMSweb inputs and outputs, the evaluation of her phonemes and recognitions, her readinesses and her deficiencies. I saw her report in my mind’s eye, with bar codes and flow charts, with standard deviations and EKG-like graph lines charting her past and predicting her future. (Yes, I know my images are a bit dramatic, but my progressive early childhood kept my imagination intact!)

I imagined the UPS driver dropping off a huge container of Nooks (no crannies), iPads, and Fires at her school, so that they might be delivered to small children like Maddie to remediate their phonemic awareness weaknesses and digitally fertilize their literacy and mathematics growing edges. 

My sense of revulsion was palpable. I silently screamed, “Keep your metrics off my Maddie!” 

More recently I had the intensely unpleasant experience of watching a video produced by one of America’s leading charter school chains. It purported to be an example of best practices in reading instruction, apparently professionally made for promotional purposes. The reading lesson was for children who appeared to be about Maddie’s age. The teacher appeared to be angry and the children never smiled. There was a stern behaviorist aura to the proceedings. A premium was placed on posture, sitting still and looking attentively at the teacher. (Maddie seems to learn best when in motion or upside down.) 

The teacher was emotionally distant and overbearing - perhaps two ends of the same teaching continuum. The children seemed to be far too tense to experience pleasure or understand the story. It was hard to tell who enjoyed the reading lesson less - the kids or the teacher. This is what they deem “best practices.”

The constant interruptions to correct posture or to stop any sign of life arising in the children made the story unintelligible, even to me, and I love a good story. Maddie loves a good story too, but if I told her to sit up straight or keep her eyes on me, she would get up, change Molly’s diaper, and the two of them would go out to her playhouse. 

Fortunately, Maddie is in a lovely, loving Montessori school. They don’t do quarterly reading-readiness evaluations or otherwise subject young children to meaningless and harmful assessments. There are no metrics, no rubrics, no Nooks (lots of nooks and crannies), no deficiencies, no remediation, no arcane edu-speak, no proficiency measures and no anti-child gimmicks to establish grim adult control over everything in the environment. 

I’d like to be professional and eloquently articulate all the reasons that these are not healthy approaches to learning (and I could), but I’ll simply suggest that any adults who treat small children in either of these ways should not be in the education profession.

All children should be free to enjoy childhood, to learn naturally and joyfully and not be subjected to measurement, assessment, diagnosis, intervention, judgment, control, rigid compliance or conformity. Nor should they be used as fodder for predatory publishing and technology companies.

The current state of education reform, particularly for poor children of color, is not only ineffective, it is abusive. When I think about this in terms of my privileged granddaughter, it makes me furious that other peoples’ children and grandchildren are being treated this way. It’s not a political debate. It’s a national shame.

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National Assessment of No Educational Progress

Imagine an athlete training for the Olympic decathlon. The young man had been told that success would come by training specifically and constantly for the 100-meter dash and 110-meter hurdles. He did what he was told.

Day in and day out, he ran repeat sprints and perfected his hurdle technique. He expected to get better, but his times didn’t improve. He doubled his workouts and persisted despite chronic pain and fatigue. By the time of the Olympic trials he was exhausted and frustrated. His overall decathlon score had actually declined over the two-year period of intense training. How could this happen? All the coaches and sports journalists were mystified.

Not only were his sprint and hurdle times unchanged, but he cleared no height at all in the high jump and pole vault, had to walk at the end of the 1,500 meters, dropped the shot put, and accidently threw the javelin into the crowd.

And so it goes with education reform in America.

The recent release of the National Assessment of Educational Progress seemed to mystify educational policy makers just as much as the hypothetical decathlete’s miserable performance baffled his coaches. And the reasons for failure are just as obvious.

Despite several decades of NCLB, RTT, ESSA, standards, accountability, metrics, Pearson, Common Core, PARCC, Smarter Balanced and billions of dollars, America’s children are not running any faster or jumping over hurdles with any greater facility. As with the decathlete, after all of the highly focused preparation for the math and reading “Olympics,” the kids haven’t made any progress.

The analogy, albeit imperfect, should be instructive. A successful decathlete must have a rich and balanced approach to training. Variety, great nutrition, ample rest and cross-training are necessary ingredients for success. Dashes, hurdles, high jump and long jump require explosive strength and speed. Pole vault, javelin and shot put require upper body strength. 800 and 1,500 meters require an exquisite mix of speed and endurance. 400 meters requires some of everything. Training exclusively and intensely for only two events is a recipe for disaster.

It is bad enough that many of America’s students have been exposed to millions of wasted hours of test prep, “high stakes” anxiety and the constant vilification of their wonderful teachers. Even if it had resulted in a slight improvement in performance, the price would have been exorbitant. But the fact that all of this has led to no material improvement is shameful. Thoughtful educators around the country are saying, with no joy, “We told you so.”

That’s more than bad enough, but it is even sadder that these decades of education reform have also dramatically reduced children’s exposure to and engagement with the arts, led to sleep deprivation and lack of physical activity, reduced the time and space available for play, and demoralized teachers. All for nothing.

To torture the analogy, great athletic training requires tending to the whole body. A sprinter needs endurance work. The upper body strength gained in weight work improves hurdle technique. The 1,500 meters often requires an explosive finishing kick. A good coach knows that a decathlete needs a mix of all these things, which complement one another when done in artful balance.

This is inarguably true in human learning as well. Exposure to music enhances language development and mathematical understanding. Theater programs bring history to life, inspire empathy, build self-confidence and strengthen linguistic skills. Building castles from blocks develops deep physical knowledge and makes better mathematicians. All human learning is interconnected. Depriving children of rich, complex experiences in the dull service of training for standardized math and reading exams actually stunts their math and reading development. Ironic and dumb.

And, inarguably more importantly, music, movement, imagination, daydreaming, building some things and questioning others, are what make life worthwhile. The fact that they also enhance the “traditional” academic skills is just icing on the multi-tiered layers of a full life.

There are countless teachers, psychologists, child development specialists, neurobiologists, artists, philosophers and many others who know these things. Why are they not driving America’s education system?

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