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New Adventures in Censorship

By Emma Pearse, Women's eNews. Posted April 11, 2005.


Since Judy Blume began writing frankly sexual books for young adults in the 1970s, the category has come of age and moved on to increasingly harsh and sophisticated topics amid persistent efforts to censor what female teens read.

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"Sybil Davis has a genius IQ and has been laid at least six times," goes the first line of the first ever Young Adult novel to contain an explicit sex scene.

The novel, Forever, was published in 1975, and last year its author Judy Blume became the fifth woman and first author of Young Adult literature to receive The National Book Foundation's Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters.

Since then, YA writers who admire and emulate Blume as the "mother of chick lit" have been savoring the prize--after Blume's more than 30 years of writing and sale of 75 million books worldwide--as an overdue celebration of their literary niche.

"This means realistic portrayals of girls trying to make sense of and find their place in the world have been ordained 'real literature,'" says Sarah Mlynowski. "About time, no?"

Mlynowski's own YA novel, Bras and Broomsticks, came out in February and is about a female teen whose younger sister wakes up as a witch one day. The author says the book was inspired by her simultaneously proud and envy-filled relationship with her own baby sister.

"Blume is the one we all grew up reading and she's the one who helped shape our consciousness," Mlynowski says.

Stories about Girls Growing Up

Blume, who wrote Forever after her daughter "asked for a story about two nice kids who have sex without either of them having to die," is known for her unflinching, intimate portrayals of young girls and women growing up in the U.S. suburbs.

Exploring such issues as first-time menstruation, divorce and family tragedy, her books are viewed as a rite of passage for young women entering and in the midst of adolescence.

A Selection of Controversial Young Adult Books

Young Adult literature has a long history of being controversial.

The following is a dateline of some of the important novels and series that offered dynamic female characters who challenged and diversified the fictional accounts of female experience.

It has been compiled through information from various sources including the Young Adult Library Services Association, VOYA (Voice of Youth Advocates), the Tennessee Library Association, and publications of the Children's Literature Research Collections at the University of Minnesota.

1868: "Little Women," by Louisa May Alcott
1930: "Nancy Drew Girl Detective" series debuts, penned by Carolyn Keene, a pseudonym for the writer and poet Mildred Wirt.
1936: "Sue Barton, Student Nurse," by Helen Boylston (some argue it's the first YA novel.)
1942: "Seventeenth Summer," by Maureen Daly
1943: "The Cherry Ames" series, by Helen Wells and Julie Tatham
1973: "Girls Can Be Anything," by Norma Klein, Roy Doty
1948: "Trixie Belden" series, by Kathryn Kenny (pseudonym)
1948: "Connie Blair" series, by Betty Cavanna
1967: "The Outsiders" by S.E. Hinton
1970: "Are You There God? It's Me Margaret," by Judy Blume
1971: "Go Ask Alice," by Anonymous
1972: "Dinky Hocker Shoots Smack," by M.E Kerr
1973: "A Hero Ain't Nothin' But A Sandwich," by Alice Childress
1974: "The Chocolate War," by Robert Cormier
1975: "Forever," by Judy Blume
1977: "Bridge to Terabithia," by Katherine Paterson
1978: "Love Is One Of The Choices," by Norma Klein
1982: "Annie On My Mind," by Nancy Garden
1983: "Sweet Valley High" series debuts by Francine Pascal
1983: "Alanna: The First Adventure," by Tamora Pierce
1985: "Alice" series, by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor
1992: "Bastard Out of Carolina," by Dorothy Allison
1997: "Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes," by Chris Crutcher
2000: "Life Is Funny," by E.R Frank
2001: "Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants," by Ann Brashares
2002: "Gossip Girl" series, by Cecily Von Ziegesar, debuts
2003: "One Hundred Demons," by Lynda Barry
2003: "Wonder When You'll Miss Me," by Amanda Davis
2004: "The Garden," by Elsie V. Aidinoff
2005: "Nancy Drew 'All New' Girl Detective" series, by Carolyn Keene

The National Book Foundation's award--which recognizes a lifetime of achievement and in previous years has been given to such prominent writers as Stephen King, Philip Roth and Toni Morrison--has prompted a mixture of excitement and curiosity within the community of Young Adult writers and publishers.

It comes at a critical time for YA, enjoying new acceptance by the mainstream literary world and receiving what some say is the increasing threat of censorship.


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Emma Pearse has written for the Village Voice, ArtReview, Time Out New York and Bitch magazine. She currently lives in Berlin, where she is the books editor for the English-language magazine, ExBerliner.

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Jackie
Posted by: JackieT on Apr 11, 2005 8:37 AM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
When a book has been banned, or "taken of of a list" how difficult is it for a young adult to access, find, or read the book anyway?

Jackie

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» RE: Jackie Posted by: Wacre
» RE: Jackie Posted by: Cassandre
Asst. Mgr. Children's Department Provo Public Library
Posted by: lwadley on Apr 11, 2005 8:39 AM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
I can't imagine the folks who wrote and contributed to this article have actually read Ms. Feinberg's book, which is not at all about censorship, but is about what might be termed "drearyism." If there is any censorship in Young Adult fiction or in award-winning children's fiction these days, it is of children and teens who are happy and who have good things happen in their lives. What those of you not on the front lines may not know is that as Ms. Feinberg rightly points out, kids don't like doleful books as a rule, because if their lives are unhappy already, why heap on more abuse? Ms. Feinberg never says "problem" novels should not be written--she simply says that children's assigned reading shouldn't always have to be "books that make you cry" or feel hopeless or lousy. Why, for instance, didn't Neal Shusterman's delightful "The Schwa Was Here" get any play in the Michael Printz Awards for best teenage fiction? Simple.
It was too funny, and the parents stay together in the end. This appears to me to be yet another case of what Nat Hentoff described as "free speech for me, but not for thee."

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So much to say about YA Fiction
Posted by: Annette on Apr 11, 2005 10:26 AM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
I am delighted that there is a new movement in libraries to create a young adult area with fiction and non-fiction that is not only age-appropriate but also written especially for this age group. Recent stunners: Isabelle Allende's fiction for teens and books on tape for teens, including Tamora Pierce and other genre classics. This is great!

What surprises me is how we forget what what literary environment Judy Blume carved a niche into when she began her "challenging" series. Sickly, sweet books about romance and girls "waiting hopefully" or "manipulating visciously" the men who were the center of the world for them were the drivel that I had to pick from if I wanted "teenage girl fiction". I just didn't read it.

When I read Stendahl's "The Red and the Black" as a teen, I wondered where that book was in literature for women.

Fortunately many women author's today answer that call for relevant and energetic books that place young women in the center of their worlds.

My daughter, who is 12 has such a great universe of choices. And reading is a vivid enterprise for her that has relevance to her world -- in large part scriped by experience, rather than dogmatic texts that seek to brainwash children with pre-masticated blueprints devoid of vitality.

Not far from where I live there is a large faith-based community that has only one book in each of their homes, the bible. They never read the newspaper and the church tells them how to experience the world beyond the farms they inhabit.

For some people that makes sense, but not to me.

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careful reader
Posted by: kimlarsen on Apr 11, 2005 11:00 AM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
Did Ms. Pearse actually read Barbara Feinberg's book? Censorship could not be farther from what Feinberg has in mind. Feinberg is not calling for an elimination of sad, sorry, realistic tales, but rather for an imaginative, non-formulaic telling of those tales. In other words, stories that feel like they grow out of a child's groping and ultimately redemptive experience, not a grown-up's moralistic fabrication. Read the book -- Feinberg is a passionate advocate for the sanctity of childhood imagination; not that we adults need to do things to enhance it, only that we need to step aside and let it bloom.

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Dennis Dalrymple
Posted by: DennisDalrymple on Apr 11, 2005 11:13 AM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
As a former employee of Dell Publishing Co., that published the paperback versions of most of Judy Blume's books in the 1970's, including "Forever", we often looked upon the crazy old coots that want to ban books as good for business. In book publishing as in other fields, there is no such thing as bad publicity. When attempts were made to ban Judy Blume, book orders doubled. More recently, when a Vatican spokesman urged Caholics not to read "The Da Vinci Code" a few weeks ago, some bookstores could not order the book fast enough.
Of course, it's great to condemn book banners too; it keeps those books selling.

Dennis Dalrymple
New York

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Definition of Censorship
Posted by: Campesino on Apr 11, 2005 2:53 PM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
I am continually apalled at how loosely the terms "censorship" or "banned" are used these days. It is evident that these authors are having no trouble getting their books published and that anyone can buy them on-line or in a bookstore.

There is a legitimate right for parents or concerned citizens to question and debate whether it is appropriate to spend public (tax) dollars on certain books for schools. Libraries I'm not quite so sure about.

But the books are not censored or banned. They are available for anyone who has the money to buy them.

I agree with an earlier poster - this has evolved into a series of publicity stunts by publishers to get buzz about their product.

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» RE: Definition of Censorship Posted by: Cassandre
barbarafeinberg
Posted by: bdf on Apr 11, 2005 3:21 PM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
Nowhere in my book "Welcome to Lizard Motel: Children, Stories and the Mystery of Making Things Up" (Beacon Press '04) do I suggest that any book ought to be banned. Instead, I reflect on many YA novels using one criteria: does a particular book portray an authentic child's perspective? Or does it feel freighted with an adult agenda, written more to satisfy what adults think kids should know and be thinking, rather than what kids really do want and need to know?

Pearse clearly did not read my book, but perhaps read some (inaccurate) review of it somewhere. Her use of my book to bolster her argument is lazy and, as my twelve- year- old daughter would say, "cheesy."

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» RE: barbarafeinberg Posted by: ally-O
» RE: barbarafeinberg Posted by: bdf
» RE: barbarafeinberg Posted by: Felddagryph
» RE: barbarafeinberg Posted by: bdf
panning is not banning
Posted by: kwms on Apr 11, 2005 6:33 PM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
I agree heartily with Campesino. I heard an interview last month on NPR with Judy Blume in which she referred to censorship against her over the decades.

I do not object to parents getting involved in recommended reading lists for students all the way to 12th grade. Schools need to assign positive, inspiring literature to students, who get sufficient reality, doom, sex and violence through their televisions, their films and yes, their libraries.

kwms

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» RE: panning is not banning Posted by: ryoushi
» RE: panning is not banning Posted by: Campesino
» RE: panning is not banning Posted by: Kym525
A Round-About Way to Censorship
Posted by: Kym525 on Apr 12, 2005 12:06 PM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
Firstly, I don't think many people have even bothered to take a good, long look at the YA sections of their bookstore and library. Being a 39 year-old fan of Tamora Pierce, Meredith Ann Pierce and Caroline Stevermer, I can state with some authority that the numbers of 'problem-oriented' books is actually VERY small. In fact, due to the overwhelming popularity of the Harry Potter novels, more publishers are gearing towards YA fantasy in record numbers. Secondly, the people who are doing the vast majority of complaining are the very adults whom have been remiss as parents in discussing the very topics those types of books address in a frank, yet age-appropriate way. How many parents do you know PERSONALLY who have sat down with their pre-teen or teenaged daughter and asked them about cutting or bulimia or oral sex (which sadly many kids are somehow convinced isn't really sex)? Unfortunately these books tend to be the only voice that seems to deal with these frank issues. One can only hope that an article such as this can be used in a postive fashion to incite parents not to censor reading material, but to open up dialogue between them and their kids. Lastly, I'm a little bothered by the sexism the article touches on - what about teenaged boys reading Maxim and Stuff and other 'laddie magazines'? Those certainly aren't 'age-appropriate', but once again the emphasis is on girls - as if boys don't have issues they need addressed seriously as well. Frankly I think this is yet another attempt at censorship - by making an issue out of a non-issue. We should all be thankful as a country that our kids are even READING, considering the numbers of hours many kids spend in front of the tv and their computers and video games. We have a serious literacy problem in this country amongst adults and kids and it's simply unfathomable that anyone would be trying to keep our kids from reading. First Harry Potter and now girls' books - what else will come under fire from the Pollyanna circuit? By the way, I'm from the Judy Blume generation and her books were an instrumental part of my life.

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(Minor) errors in article
Posted by: Jen on Apr 12, 2005 2:11 PM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
You seem to have listed Heather Has 2 Mommies as a YA book- this book is a picture book for young children!

Also: BTW, Barbara Feinberg's book is called "Welcome to Lizard Motel," NOT Welcome to *the* lizard motel.

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In Search of Banned Books
Posted by: Cassandre on Apr 15, 2005 11:59 AM   
Current rating: Not yet rated    [1 = poor; 5 = excellent]
Every year, my boys and I pick among the top 100 banned books for their age group to find something we haven't read before. (Every year, I pick something I haven't read and treat myself to a "dangerous" book as well--though I often find myself wondering why a book was challenged in the first place!)

Whether I agree or disagree with someone else's decision to challenge or ban a book, the *opportunity* to explore my own views of what's appropriate for a child of a given age includes the *responsibility* to decide whether one or both of my sons is ready for that particular book.

What I find most unsettling is that too many people feel that there is something so terrible in a book like "Forever" by Judy Blume that no child should be exposed to it, ever. Whether it's because the idea is too threatening or because the parents cannot tolerate anything which challenges their world view, I simply don't know.

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